StuRa:Server/srs14

PT und bommel 2018-02-09 bauen nach der Doku Server/Jails/SRS14.

Verwendungszweck

Ersatz von Server/Jails/SRS14

• Erhalt von Mails für Mail-Adressen für die Domain stura.htw-dresden.de

  postfix

• Verwaltung von Mail-Adressen (von Personen und Funktionen)
  • Einträge für die Weiterleitung an andere Mail-Adressen

    aliases

  • Versand von Mails

    postfix

  • grafische Oberfläche für die Verwaltung von Mail-Adressen
• Verteilung von Mails für Mail-Adressen (für Funktionen)

  mailman

• Archivierung von Mails für Mail-Adressen (für Funktionen)

  mailman

• grafische Oberfläche für die Verwaltung von Mail-Verteilern

  mailman

• Vermeidung der Weiterleitung von SPAM

  postfix

• (Archivierung (als Sicherheitskopie) für Mail-Adressen von Angestellten)

  maildrop

Betriebssystem

Maschine/nyx

Jail FreeNAS

FreeBSD

STABLE

(11.1)

Installation

pkg update

pkg install apache24 maildrop sudo

Mailman und Postfix muss aus den Ports gebaut werden, weil das Paket mailman sendmail als MTA unterstuetzt, wir aber Postfix benoetigen. Es gibt sonst Permission Probleme mit dem wrapper script zwischen postfix und mailman.

Verwaltung von Paketen

In erster Linie wird die normale (einfache) Verwaltung von Paketen (mit pkg) verwendet.

Aber die Verwendung der Sammlung von Ports (freebsd-handbook:ports-using) wurde notwendig.

Die vorherige Instanz verwendete die Kombination der Pakete Postfix und Mailman. Das standardmäßige Paket für Mailman ist ohne die Option für Postfix gebaut (pkg search -Q options mailman).

Damn!

Anstatt das Risiko einzugehen sich mit der Konfiguration beim Verzicht auf Postfix auseinanderzusetzen und anstelle sendmail zu verwenden, bauen wir das Paket eben einfach selbst. Dafür ist dann aber auch die Verwendung der Sammlung von Ports notwendig.

Sammlung von Ports

portsnap fetch extract

Konfiguration

Mounts

Um eine bessere Handhabung fuer die Daten (z.B. Mail Archive und Mailkonten) zu erhalten, werden diese in ein separates ZFS Dataset ausgelagert und dann in die Jail gehangen.

/mnt/znyx/data/maildrop/rossberg on /mnt/znyx/jails/srs14/usr/home/rossberg/Mail (nullfs, local)
/mnt/znyx/data/maildrop/spam on /mnt/znyx/jails/srs14/usr/home/spam/Mail (nullfs, local)
/mnt/znyx/data/mailman/archives on /mnt/znyx/jails/srs14/usr/local/mailman/archives (nullfs, local)
/mnt/znyx/data/mailman/data on /mnt/znyx/jails/srs14/usr/local/mailman/data (nullfs, local)
/mnt/znyx/data/mailman/lists on /mnt/znyx/jails/srs14/usr/local/mailman/lists (nullfs, local)

Dienste

SSH

SSH wird benötigt, um sich sicher auf Server/srs14 verbinden zu können. Das ist bei Server/srs14 insbesondere für die (leider noch leidliche) Verwaltung der Einträge für Mail-Adressen nötig.

andauernde Aktivierung des Dienstes SSH

service sshd status

Cannot 'status' sshd. Set sshd_enable to YES in /etc/rc.conf or use 'onestatus' instead of 'status'.

service sshd onestatus

sshd is not running.

sysrc sshd_enable

sshd_enable: NO

sysrc sshd_enable=YES

sshd_enable: NO -> YES

service sshd status

sshd is not running.

service sshd start

Generating RSA host key.

Performing sanity check on sshd configuration.
Starting sshd.

Es wurden automatisch Schlüsselpaare für den Account root (für RSA, ECDSA und ED25519) generiert.

service sshd status

sshd is running as pid 12345.

sysrc sshd_enable

sshd_enable: YES

Konfiguration vom Dienst SSH (auf Schnell)

(optionale) Sicherung der standardmäßigen Datei für die Konfiguration vom Dienst SSH

cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config.default

Anpassen der Konfiguration vom Dienst SSH

• Ändern vom Port an dem der Dienst SSH erreichbar ist

  aus "Tradition")

• Zulassen vom der Anmeldung mit Passwort für den Dienst SSH

  Es gibt Menschen, denen nicht bekannt ist wie das Verwalten von persönlichen Schlüsselpaaren funktioniert (und auch nicht erklärten werden müssen soll), die dennoch bei der Verwaltung von Mail-Adressen mitwirken können sollen und sich dazu auch aus der Ferne anmelden können sollen.

$EDITOR /etc/ssh/sshd_config

diff /etc/ssh/sshd_config.default /etc/ssh/sshd_config

17a18
> Port 1234
75a77
> PasswordAuthentication yes

oder

diff /etc/ssh/sshd_config.default /etc/ssh/sshd_config

17c17
< #Port 22
---
> Port 1234
75c75
< #PasswordAuthentication no
---
> PasswordAuthentication yes

Konten

Hinzufuegen von System Konten.

Mail - Angestellten

Rossberg

Shell: nologin

remote: cd /home/rossberg && tar -cvf rossberg.tar .mailfilter Mail .mail_aliases .rhosts
cd /home/rossberg && tar -xvf rossberg.tar

Mail - spam

Spam

Shell: nologin

Clean SPAM older 30 Days

Quelle des Programms http://forum.directadmin.com/attachment.php?s=b1485c6c4b4d501d922e5b7f48d6e07c&attachmentid=427&d=1167030675 und modifiziert durch PT.

Datei ist abgelegt unter /etc/periodic/daily/900.cleanspam und wird taeglich ausgefuehrt.

#!/bin/sh                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
# Cleanning SPAM older than x days under Maildir system (Test under DA + Dovecot + SA)                   
# Published 27 Oct 2006 under GNU/GPL License By, Pinkkeyhost.com, Korakot Eamopas (kkeonline[at]yahoo.com)                                                                                                        
# Bugfix 25 Dec 2006                                                                                     
# Modified 25.02.2018 from pwnytail to run under Postfix maildrop
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
# settings                                                                                               
# delete spam older than x days                                                                          
DAYS=30 ;                                                                                                                                                                                                           
# your logfile                                                                                           
logfile="/var/log/cleanspam.log" ;                                                                       
                                                    
if [ "$#" -lt 1 ]                                   
then                                                
        echo -n "usage: $0 <list of users>"         
        exit 1                                      
fi                                                  
                                                    
# Start a new log or append to old one              
#echo "" > $logfile ;                               
echo "" >> $logfile ;

# Nothing to be change from here
LOGDATE=`date "+%y-%m-%d %H:%M"` ;
DA="/usr/home" ;
SP="Mail" ;
USERS=$@
echo "===============================" >> $logfile ;
echo "SCRIPT RUNNING ON $LOGDATE" >> $logfile
echo "===============================" >> $logfile ;

# list users from da folder
for user in $USERS ; do
{
        # skip if not a user folder
        if [ ! -d $DA/$user ] ; then
           continue
        fi

        echo " " >> $logfile
        echo "CHECKING USER : $user" >> $logfile


        # Check Main account
        if [ -d /home/$user/$SP ]; then
                echo " " >> $logfile
                echo "CHECKING FOR : $user" >> $logfile
                for nct in new cur tmp ; do
                        {
                                if [ -d /home/$user/$SP/$nct ]; then
                                        # find file older than 30 days
                                        for oldfile in `find /home/$user/$SP/$nct/ -mtime +$DAYS`; do
                                                {
                                                        if [ -f $oldfile ]; then
                                                                echo -n "DELETE : $oldfile" : >> $logfile
                                                                # Keep a bit info of what we going to delete
                                                                head -n 1 $oldfile >> $logfile
                                                                # Bugfix 25 Dec 2006
                                                                #rm -f /home/$user/$SP/$nct/$oldfile >> /dev/null
                                                                rm -f $oldfile >> /dev/null
                                                        fi
                                                }
                                        done;
                                fi
                        }
                done;
        fi
};
done;

Pakete

Pakete für Anwendungen

sendmail

/etc/aliases.stura

newaliases
postmap /etc/aliases.stura

Postfix

Wechseln in den Ordner vom Port postfix

cd /usr/ports/mail/postfix

Festlegen der Konfiguration für das angepasste Bauen des Paketes (postfix)

make config

        BDB            : off
        CDB            : off
        DOCS           : on
        EAI            : on
        INST_BASE      : off
        LDAP           : off
        LDAP_SASL      : off
        LMDB           : off
        MYSQL          : off
        NIS            : off
        PCRE           : on
        PGSQL          : off
        SASL           : off
        SASLKMIT       : off
        SASLKRB5       : off
        SQLITE         : off
        TEST           : off
        TLS            : on

/!\ ERROR: /!\

Ports Collection support for your FreeBSD version has ended, and no ports are
guaranteed to build on this system. Please upgrade to a supported release.

No support will be provided if you silence this message by defining
ALLOW_UNSUPPORTED_SYSTEM.

Bauen des Paketes (postfix) entsprechend der angepassten Konfiguration

ALLOW_UNSUPPORTED_SYSTEM=1 make install clean

<?!? /> INFO: Alle folgenden Abfragen im build-Prozess werden mit der vorgeschlagenden Einstellung übernommen.

sysrc postfix_enable=YES

sysrc sendmail_enable=NO

Konfiguration Postfix

/usr/local/etc/postfix/main.cf

myhostname = mail.stura.htw-dresden.de

mydomain = stura.htw-dresden.de 

smtp_bind_address = 141.56.50.14

myorigin = $myhostname

inet_interfaces = all

mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost, $mydomain

local_recipient_maps = unix:passwd.byname $alias_maps

# 141.56.16.134 - 141.56.16.136 mailexchanger vom RZ
# 141.56.16.231 - 232 mailrelay vom RZ
mynetworks = 141.56.16.131, 141.56.16.134, 141.56.16.135, 141.56.16.136, 141.56.16.231, 141.56.16.232, 141.56.50.0/26, 127.0.0.0/24, 192.168.100.12

alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases, hash:/etc/aliases.stura, hash:/usr/local/mailman/data/aliases

alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases, hash:/etc/aliases.stura

home_mailbox = Mail/

mail_spool_directory = /var/mail
mailbox_command = /usr/local/bin/maildrop -d ${USER}

header_checks = pcre:$config_directory/header_checks

smtpd_sender_restrictions =
    permit_mynetworks,
    reject_non_fqdn_sender,
    reject_unknown_sender_domain,
    reject_rhsbl_sender blackhole.securitysage.com

smtpd_recipient_restrictions =
    reject_invalid_hostname,
    reject_unknown_recipient_domain,
    check_client_access hash:/usr/local/etc/postfix/rbl_override,
    reject_rbl_client sbl.spamhaus.org,
    permit

smtpd_helo_restrictions = 
    permit_mynetworks,
    reject_invalid_helo_hostname,
    reject_non_fqdn_helo_hostname,
    reject_unknown_helo_hostname
 
smtpd_client_restrictions = 
    permit_mynetworks,
    reject_rbl_client bl.spamcop.net,
    reject_rbl_client dnsbl.sorbs.net

smtpd_relay_restrictions =
    permit_mynetworks,
    defer_unauth_destination

/usr/local/etc/postfix/master.cf

Aktivate Mailman wrapper Script

mailman   unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
  flags=FR user=mailman:mailman argv=/usr/local/mailman/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop} ${user}

/usr/local/etc/postfix/header_checks

/^X-HTW-Spam-Flag:\s+YES/   REDIRECT spam@stura.htw-dresden.de

/usr/local/etc/postfix/rbl_override

<rz mail server als domain und ip-adresse>

/usr/local/etc/postfix/relay_recipients

@stura.htw-dresden.de OK

/usr/local/etc/postfix/transport

kss-sachsen.de smtp:lrs0x018.kss-sachsen.de

erstellen von Datenbank Dateien

postmap rbl_override relay_recipients transport header_checks

starte postfix

$ service postfix restart
postfix: Postfix is running with backwards-compatible default settings
postfix: See http://www.postfix.org/COMPATIBILITY_README.html for details
postfix: To disable backwards compatibility use "postconf compatibility_level=2" and "postfix reload"
postfix/postfix-script: starting the Postfix mail system

/usr/local/etc/sudoers

Eintragen welche Systemkonten sudo nutzen duerfen.

maildrop

Konfiguration maildrop

MDA: maildrop

maildir in users homeverzeichnis anlegen

 maildrop-maildirmake Mail

im Homeverzeichnis die Datei .mailfilter anlegen:

 MAILBOX="$HOME/Mail"
 DEFAULT="$MAILBOX"

 chmod 600 .mailfilter
 chown <user> .mailfilter

maildrop in postfix main.cf einarbeiten

 mailbox_command = /usr/local/bin/maildrop -d ${USER}

Mailman

Installieren des Paketes Mailman

Erst einmal brauchen wir schnell Mailman mit Postfix.

Wechseln in den Ordner vom Port mailman

cd /usr/ports/mail/mailman

Festlegen der Konfiguration für das angepasste Bauen des Paketes (mailman)

<?!?>Wozu müssen wir die Umgebungsvariable ALLOW_UNSUPPORTED_SYSTEM=1 setzen?</?!?>

make config

     DOCS=on: Build and/or install documentation
     HTDIG=off: - EXPERIMENTAL - htdig integration patches
     NAMAZU2=off: Make private archives searchable with namazu2
     NLS=on: Native Language Support
 Integrate with which MTA?: you have to select exactly one of them
     COURIER=off: for use with courier
     EXIM4=off: for use with exim4
     OPENSMTPD=off: for use with opensmtpd - EXPERIMENTAL -
     POSTFIX=on: for use with postfix
     SENDMAIL=off: for use with sendmail

/!\ ERROR: /!\

Ports Collection support for your FreeBSD version has ended, and no ports are
guaranteed to build on this system. Please upgrade to a supported release.

No support will be provided if you silence this message by defining
ALLOW_UNSUPPORTED_SYSTEM.

Bauen des Paketes (mailman) entsprechend der angepassten Konfiguration

ALLOW_UNSUPPORTED_SYSTEM=1 make install clean

sysrc mailman_enable=YES

Konfiguration Mailman

Mailmanumzug :[[1]]

remote: cd /usr/local/mailman && tar -cvf mailman.tar archives data lists Mailman/mm_cfg.py
cd /usr/local/mailman && tar xvf mailman.tar

Mailman/mm_cfg.py

MTA = 'Postfix'
POSTFIX_ALIAS_CMD = '/usr/local/sbin/postalias'
POSTFIX_MAP_CMD = '/usr/local/sbin/postmap'
SMTPHOST = 'localhost'
# The default language for this server.
DEFAULT_SERVER_LANGUAGE = 'de'
# Unset send_reminders on newly created lists
DEFAULT_SEND_REMINDERS = 0
DEFAULT_SEND_WELCOME_MSG = 0
DEFAULT_SEND_GOODBYE_MSG = 0
DEFAULT_ADMIN_NOTIFY_MCHANGES = 1
DEFAULT_NEW_MEMBER_OPTIONS = 272
DEFAULT_RESPOND_TO_POST_REQUESTS = 0 
DEFAULT_ADMINISTRIVIA = 0
DEFAULT_MAX_MESSAGE_SIZE = 0
DEFAULT_MAX_NUM_RECIPIENTS = 0
DEFAULT_REQUIRE_EXPLICIT_DESTINATION = 0
# SUBSCRIBE POLICY
# 0 - open list (only when ALLOW_OPEN_SUBSCRIBE is set to 1) **
# 1 - confirmation required for subscribes
# 2 - admin approval required for subscribes
# 3 - both confirmation and admin approval required
#
# ** please do not choose option 0 if you are not allowing open
# subscribes (next variable)
DEFAULT_SUBSCRIBE_POLICY = 3
# Does this site allow completely unchecked subscriptions?
ALLOW_OPEN_SUBSCRIBE = Yes

# Private_roster == 0: anyone can see, 1: members only, 2: admin only.
DEFAULT_PRIVATE_ROSTER = 0

# Are archives public or private by default?
# 0=public, 1=private
DEFAULT_ARCHIVE_PRIVATE = 1

# What shold happen to non-member posts which are do not match explicit
# non-member actions?
# 0 = Accept
# 1 = Hold
# 2 = Reject
# 3 = Discard
DEFAULT_GENERIC_NONMEMBER_ACTION = 0
#POSTFIX_STYLE_VIRTUAL_DOMAINS = ['stura.htw-dresden.de']
# Put YOUR site-specific settings below this line.
DEFAULT_URL_PATTERN = 'http://%s/'
DEFAULT_EMAIL_HOST = 'stura.htw-dresden.de'
DEFAULT_URL_HOST = 'lists.stura.htw-dresden.de'
add_virtualhost(DEFAULT_URL_HOST, DEFAULT_EMAIL_HOST)
add_virtualhost('lists.htw.stura-dresden.de',DEFAULT_EMAIL_HOST)
OWNERS_CAN_DELETE_THEIR_OWN_LISTS = 'YES'
VIRTUAL_HOST_OVERVIEW = On

postfix-to-mailman.py

#! /usr/local/bin/python

# Configuration variables - Change these for your site if necessary.
MailmanHome = "/usr/local/mailman"; # Mailman home directory.
MailmanOwner = "postmaster@stura.htw-dresden.de"; # Postmaster and abuse mail recipient.
# End of configuration variables.

# postfix-to-mailman-2.1.py (to be installed as postfix-to-mailman.py)
#
# Interface mailman to a postfix with a mailman transport. Does not require
# the creation of _any_ aliases to connect lists to your mail system.
#
# Dax Kelson, dkelson@gurulabs.com, Sept 2002.
# coverted from qmail to postfix interface
# Jan 2003: Fixes for Mailman 2.1
# Thanks to Simen E. Sandberg <senilix@gallerbyen.net>
# Feb 2003: Change the suggested postfix transport to support VERP
# Thanks to Henrique de Moraes Holschuh <henrique.holschuh@ima.sp.gov.br>
#
# This script was originally qmail-to-mailman.py by:
# Bruce Perens, bruce@perens.com, March 1999.
# This is free software under the GNU General Public License.
#
# This script is meant to be called from ~mailman/postfix-to-mailman.py. 
# It catches all mail to a virtual domain, eg "lists.example.com".
# It looks at the  recipient for each mail message and decides if the mail is
# addressed to a valid list or not, and bounces the message with a helpful
# suggestion if it's not addressed to a list. It decides if it is a posting, 
# a list command, or mail to the list administrator, by checking for the
#  -admin, -owner, and -request addresses. It will recognize a list as soon
# as the list is created, there is no need to add _any_ aliases for any list.
# It recognizes mail to postmaster, mailman-owner, abuse, mailer-daemon, root,
# and owner, and routes those mails to MailmanOwner as defined in the
# configuration variables, above.
#
# INSTALLATION:
#
# Install this file as ~mailman/postfix-to-mailman.py
#
# To configure a virtual domain to connect to mailman, edit Postfix thusly:
#
# /etc/postfix/main.cf:
#    relay_domains = ... lists.example.com
#    transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport
#    mailman_destination_recipient_limit = 1
#
# /etc/postfix/transport:
#   lists.example.com   mailman:
#
# /etc/postfix/master.cf
#    mailman unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
#      flags=FR user=mailman:mailman 
#      argv=/var/mailman/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop} ${user}
# 
#
# Replace list.example.com above with the name of the domain to be connected
# to Mailman. Note that _all_ mail to that domain will go to Mailman, so you
# don't want to put the name of your main domain here. Typically a virtual
# domain lists.domain.com is used for Mailman, and domain.com for regular
# email.
#

import sys, os, re, string

def main():
    os.nice(5)  # Handle mailing lists at non-interactive priority.
                # delete this if you wish

    os.chdir(MailmanHome + "/lists")

    try:
        local = sys.argv[2]
    except:
        # This might happen if we're not using Postfix
        sys.stderr.write("LOCAL not set?\n")
        sys.exit(1)

    local = string.lower(local)
    local = re.sub("^mailman-","",local)

    names = ("root", "postmaster", "mailer-daemon", "mailman-owner", "owner",
             "abuse")
    for i in names:
        if i == local:
            os.execv("/usr/sbin/sendmail",
                     ("/usr/sbin/sendmail", MailmanOwner))
            sys.exit(0)

    type = "post"
    types = (("-admin$", "admin"),
             ("-owner$", "owner"),
             ("-request$", "request"),
             ("-bounces$", "bounces"),
             ("-confirm$", "confirm"),
             ("-join$", "join"),
             ("-leave$", "leave"),
             ("-subscribe$", "subscribe"),
             ("-unsubscribe$", "unsubscribe"))

    for i in types:
        if re.search(i[0],local):
            type = i[1]
            local = re.sub(i[0],"",local)

    if os.path.exists(local):
        os.execv(MailmanHome + "/mail/mailman",
                 (MailmanHome + "/mail/mailman", type, local))
    else:
        bounce()
    sys.exit(75)

def bounce():
    bounce_message = """\
TO ACCESS THE MAILING LIST SYSTEM: Start your web browser on
http://%s/
That web page will help you subscribe or unsubscribe, and will
give you directions on how to post to each mailing list.\n"""
    sys.stderr.write(bounce_message % (sys.argv[1]))
    sys.exit(1)

try:
    sys.exit(main())
except SystemExit, argument:
    sys.exit(argument)

except Exception, argument:
    info = sys.exc_info()
    trace = info[2]
    sys.stderr.write("%s %s\n" % (sys.exc_type, argument))
    sys.stderr.write("Line %d\n" % (trace.tb_lineno))
    sys.exit(75)       # Soft failure, try again later.

Apache

sysrc apache24_enable=YES

Konfiguration Apache

/usr/local/etc/apache24/httpd.conf

...
ServerAdmin webmaster@stura.htw-dresden.de

...
ServerName lists.stura.htw-dresden.de:80
...
# Virtual hosts
Include etc/apache24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
...

/usr/local/etc/apache24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

<VirtualHost lists.stura.htw-dresden.de:80>
   ServerAdmin webmaster@stura.htw-dresden.de
   DocumentRoot "/usr/local/mailman/lists"
   ServerName lists.stura.htw-dresden.de
   ServerAlias lists.stura.htw-dresden.de
   <Directory /usr/local/mailman/archives/>
       Options FollowSymLinks
       AllowOverride None
   </Directory>
   Alias /pipermail/ /usr/local/mailman/archives/public/
   Alias /images/mailman/ /usr/share/images/mailman/
   ScriptAlias /admin /usr/local/mailman/cgi-bin/admin
   ScriptAlias /admindb /usr/local/mailman/cgi-bin/admindb
   ScriptAlias /confirm /usr/local/mailman/cgi-bin/confirm
   ScriptAlias /create /usr/local/mailman/cgi-bin/create
   ScriptAlias /edithtml /usr/local/mailman/cgi-bin/edithtml
   ScriptAlias /listinfo /usr/local/mailman/cgi-bin/listinfo
   ScriptAlias /options /usr/local/mailman/cgi-bin/options
   ScriptAlias /private /usr/local/mailman/cgi-bin/private
   ScriptAlias /rmlist /usr/local/mailman/cgi-bin/rmlist
   ScriptAlias /roster /usr/local/mailman/cgi-bin/roster
   ScriptAlias /subscribe /usr/local/mailman/cgi-bin/subscribe
   ScriptAlias /mailman/ /usr/local/mailman/cgi-bin/
   ScriptAlias / /usr/local/mailman/cgi-bin/listinfo
   <Directory "/usr/local/mailman">
      AllowOverride All
      Options FollowSymlinks
      Require all granted
   </Directory>
   ErrorLog /var/log/mailman-error.log
#   CustomLog /var/log/mailman-access.log combined
</VirtualHost>